Building Integrated/Applied Photovoltaic (BIPV/BAPV) technology is a unique building configuration integrating energy generation into a building's functional performance. BIPV comprises building envelope elements (wall, façade, fenestration) of PV while BAPV comprises PV applied on/in building elements. The uniqueness in this configuration lies in PV system design requiring maximum exposure to solar insolation, while building elements are designed to control and regulate solar exposure. PV performance is primarily governed by its output and efficiency, while building performance is primarily governed by its passive climatic-response, indoor thermal comfort and energy consumption. Integrability is a methodology evolved to aid in assessing a BIPV/BAPV configuration for its integrated building-PV performance.
the difference between BIPV and BAPV:
The difference between the two is that BIPV has played a role as a building material as an indispensable part of the building. It can not only meet the functional requirements of photovoltaic power generation but also take into account the functional requirements of the building. It is a combination of photovoltaic products and building materials. It can replace part of the traditional building materials, carry out an integrated design in the architectural design stage, and form an integral part with the main body of the building during construction. The components in the BAPV building are only attached to the building through a simple support structure. After the photovoltaic modules are removed, the building functions are still intact. For example, in many distributed photovoltaic roofs, many of their solar mounting bracket installation parts can be flexibly removed.
BIPV designs solar power generation equipment-solar panels into various forms of building decoration materials, replacing traditional building materials such as glass curtain walls, exterior wall decorative stones, roof tiles, and at the same time as a solar photovoltaic power generation system, providing green and environmental protection for electrical loads , Clean electricity. BIPV has become an integral part of the building. Photovoltaic modules have the functions of sheltering from wind, rain and heat. After the photovoltaic modules are removed, the building will lose these functions, but the cost is relatively high, and it requires Bipv Mounting
for High sealing performance. However, BAPV will not increase the water-proof and wind-shielding performance of the building. Moreover, BAPV will increase the building load and affect the overall effect of the building. In addition, for the surface of the building, the construction cost of BAPV is relatively low, and the requirements for the solar support for installation are relatively simple.
The BIPV solar mounting structure should follow the relevant specifications and technical requirements of "building materials". It is not simply "tied together" mechanically, but is highly centralized and integrated, which is "1+1=1". The BAPV is a split type and can be used separately, and the photovoltaic module can still be used independently after disassembly.
The combination of photovoltaics and buildings can effectively reduce building energy consumption and vigorously develop low-carbon and zero-carbon buildings, which has important practical significance for energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection.
