The impact of the layout of the solar panels on the cost is mainly reflected in the cost of the supporting solar bracket. When a fixed solar mounting is used, the cost of the mounting in the horizontal arrangement is higher than that in the vertical arrangement.

Therefore, for crystalline silicon modules, when the modules are arranged vertically, the cost of the solar panel brackets is lower than that of the horizontal ones, but the power loss caused by the mutual shielding of the square arrays is higher than that of the horizontal ones. The difference net present value method can be used for detailed comparison in combination with specific projects.

For fixed square arrays, in general, under normal spacing (that is, the distance determined by the unobstructed front row to the back row from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm on the winter solstice), the period of mutual occlusion of the square arrays is very small and the radiation during occlusion is small. The illuminance is small. In this case, the horizontal arrangement is not obvious for the increase of power generation, and the vertical arrangement is recommended; when the site is tight, the horizontal arrangement is recommended.

For tracking square arrays, especially oblique single-axis, azimuth and dual-axis tracking square arrays, there are many cases of shading between square arrays. It is recommended to use a horizontal arrangement as much as possible.

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